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CHEMISTRY GLOSSARY
Activator is a substance that increases the activity of a catalyst; for example, a substance that – by binding to an allosteric site on an enzyme – enables the active site of the enzyme to bind to the substrate.
What is an example of an activator biology? Activator. One example of an activator is the protein CAP. In the presence of cAMP, CAP binds to the promoter and increases RNA polymerase activity. In the absence of cAMP, CAP does not bind to the promoter.
What does activation mean? : to make active or more active: such as. a(1) : to make (something, such as a molecule) reactive or more reactive. (2) : to convert (something, such as a provitamin) into a biologically active derivative.
Herein What does activating a molecule mean? A molecule is considered activated when it absorbs energy by interaction with radiation. In this energy-rich state it may undergo a variety of unusual chemical reactions that are normally not available to it in thermal equilibrium.
Conteúdo
O que é um potenciador em biologia?
Enhancers are short regulatory elements of accessible DNA that help establish the transcriptional program of cells by increasing transcription of target genes. They are bound by transcription factors, co-regulators, and RNA polymerase II (RNAP II).
What is activator in gene expression?
A transcriptional activator is a protein (transcription factor) that increases transcription of a gene or set of genes. Activators are considered to have positive control over gene expression, as they function to promote gene transcription and, in some cases, are required for the transcription of genes to occur.
Are coenzymes activators? Coenzymes are small non protein (vitamin) which enhances the activity of the enzyme considerably. Activators are generally metal ions. These metal ions, when weakly bonded to enzyme molecules, increase their catalytic activity.
What is meant by activation of amino acids? Amino acid activation (also known as aminoacylation or tRNA charging) refers to the attachment of an amino acid to its Transfer RNA (tRNA). Aminoacyl transferase binds Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to amino acid, PP is released. Aminoacyl TRNA synthetase binds AMP-amino acid to tRNA. The AMP is used in this step.
What is another word for activation?
In this page you can discover 39 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for activate, like: iniciar, begin, stimulate, start, impel, action, stop, trigger, detect, turned-off and arouse.
What activate a movement or a process? If a device or process is activated, something causes it to start working. câmaras de vídeo with night vision can be activated by movement.
O que se entende por energia de ativação?
activation energy, in chemistry, the minimum amount of energy that is required to activate atoms or molecules to a condition in which they can undergo chemical transformation or physical transport.
Which is the best definition of activation energy? The best definition of activation energy is that activation energy is the energy required to bind a substrate to an active site (option C).
What is activation energy enzymes?
The activation energy is the energy required to start a reaction. Enzymes are proteins that bind to a molecule, or substrate, to modify it and lower the energy required to make it react. The rate of reaction is given by the Arrhenius equation.
What does enhancer mean?
An enhancer is a substance or a device which makes a particular thing look, taste, or feel better. Cinnamon is an excellent flavour enhancer.
What are promoters and enhancers? An enhancer is a sequence of DNA that functions to enhance transcription. A promoter is a sequence of DNA that initiates the process of transcription. A promoter has to be close to the gene that is being transcribed while an enhancer does not need to be close to the gene of interest.
What do enhancer sequences do? Enhancer sequences are regulatory DNA sequences that, when bound by specific proteins called transcription factors, enhance the transcription of an associated gene. … Additionally, enhancer sequences can be positioned in both forward or reversed sequence orientations and still affect gene transcription.
What does increased gene expression mean?
Gene expression is the process by which the instructions in our DNA are converted into a functional product, such as a protein. … It acts as both an on/off switch to control when proteins are made and also a volume control that increases or decreases the amount of proteins made.
What do activators do in organic chemistry? Activator (Activating group): In electrophilic aromatic substitution, an aromatic ring substituent that increases nucleophilicity and arenium ion stability (relative to a hydrogen atom), thereby causing the reaction to be faster than the same reaction on benzene itself.
What cofactors activate enzymes?
Cofactors can either be ions, such as zinc and iron ions, or organic molecules, such as vitamins or vitamin-derived molecules. Many of these cofactors will attach near the substrate binding site to facilitate the binding of the substrate to the enzyme.
Which of the following is enzyme activator? Ferro acts as an enzyme activator or cofactor in chlorophyll synthesis, and activates several other enzymes including catalase, peroxidase, nitrate reductases, and nitrogenase.
What kind of activators for enzymes do you know?
Examples of enzymatic activators are cofactors and coenzymes. Cofactors are usually metal ions and do not directly bind the enzyme to increase the activity of that specific enzyme. Coenzymes are usually organic molecules, which directly bind the enzyme to increase the activity of that specific enzyme.
What is meant by activation of amino acids shaala? Solution. Activation of amino acid involves the addition of ATP molecule to amino acid and binding of this amino acid to the binding site of t-RNA and forming of the t-RNA-amino acid complex. Concept: Síntese proteíca.
What happens during activation in translation?
In the activation stage, the correct amino acid is covalently bonded to the correct transfer RNA (tRNA). When the tRNA is connected to an amino acid, it is “charged”. Initiation is when the small part of the ribosome connects to 5′ end of the mRNA with the help of initiation factors (IF).
How does tRNA bind to amino acid? A tRNA with the complementary anticodon is attracted to the ribosome and binds to this codon. The tRNA carries the next amino acid in the polypeptide chain. The first tRNA transfers its amino acid to the amino acid on the newly arrived tRNA, and a chemical bond is made between the two amino acids.